What Does the Holy Spirit Do in Us?
If the Holy Spirit lives within every believer, why do we still struggle with sin? And can people really change?
The Holy Spirit works within believers to make us more like Jesus Christ. He changes our direction, develops Christlike character, and enables us to turn from sin and walk in obedience to God. This transformation is an ongoing work of God’s grace.
For years, I thought the drawer underneath our kitchen oven had one purpose: storage.
Growing up, that’s where my family kept pots, pans, baking sheets, and just about anything else we could squeeze inside.
So when Stephanie and I got married, we did the same thing.
Then I discovered that on some ovens, that drawer isn’t designed for storage at all. It’s a warming drawer.
All those years, I hadn’t understood its intended purpose.
Sometimes Christians approach the Holy Spirit in a similar way.
We know He lives within us. We know He’s part of our relationship with God. But we may not fully understand what He wants to accomplish in our lives.
Or perhaps we understand His purpose but resist the changes He wants to bring.
The Holy Spirit didn’t come simply to occupy our lives. He came to transform them.
“And the Lord—who is the Spirit—makes us more and more like him as we are changed into his glorious image.”
That’s the Spirit’s transforming work. The theological term is sanctification—God’s ongoing work of making His people holy and increasingly like His Son.
But this raises a question many sincere Christians wrestle with.
If I really belong to Jesus,
why do I still struggle with sin?
Perhaps you struggle with bitterness, anger, lust, unforgiveness, selfishness, or an unhealthy habit you desperately want to overcome.
You want to obey God, yet sometimes you find yourself doing the very things you know you shouldn’t.
Galatians 5 helps us understand both that struggle and the hope we have through the Holy Spirit.
The Holy Spirit Changes Our Direction
Paul begins with a command to believers.
“So I say, let the Holy Spirit guide your lives. Then you won’t be doing what your sinful nature craves.”
Before coming to Christ, our lives were directed by sinful desires. But when God saves us, He gives us His Spirit, and a new direction begins to emerge.
We begin to desire what pleases God.
That doesn’t mean the struggle with sin immediately disappears.
Paul explains in Galatians 5:17 that the desires of the flesh and the desires of the Spirit oppose one another.
Christians still experience temptation and must contend with remaining sinful desires. But now there is a new influence and a new desire within us: the Holy Spirit leading us toward obedience to Christ.
A Word of Encouragement
If you’re grieved by your sin, longing to obey God, and seeking His help to change, don’t overlook what that may reveal about the Spirit’s work in your life.
The struggle itself isn’t the foundation of our salvation—Jesus Christ is. But a growing desire for holiness can be encouraging evidence of His transforming grace.
At the same time, we must avoid the opposite danger.
Sometimes we recognize something sinful in our lives and simply excuse it.
“That’s just my personality.”
“My family has always been that way.”
“I can’t help it. That’s just who I am.”
But if the Spirit of God lives within us, we don’t have to surrender to the belief that we can never change.
Our past may explain some of our struggles, but it doesn’t have to determine our future.
The Holy Spirit Develops Christlike Character
In Galatians 5:19–23, Paul contrasts two different kinds of outcomes.
First, he describes the works of the flesh—things like sexual immorality, idolatry, hostility, jealousy, outbursts of anger, selfish ambition, and division.
These behaviors reveal what happens when sinful desires direct our lives.
Then Paul describes something very different.
“But the Holy Spirit produces this kind of fruit in our lives: love, joy, peace, patience, kindness, goodness, faithfulness, gentleness, and self-control.”
Notice that Paul doesn’t call these the accomplishments of the Christian.
He calls them the fruit of the Spirit.
Fruit is the result of life and growth. And these characteristics are the evidence of the Spirit’s transforming work within us.
When you examine the life of Jesus, what do you see?
You see love that sacrifices for others. Patience with imperfect people. Kindness toward those in need. Faithfulness to the Father. Gentleness toward the weak. Self-control in the face of temptation.
These characteristics find their perfect expression in Jesus.
The fruit of the Spirit is
Christlike character being developed within us.
From a Son of Thunder to an Apostle of Love
Think about the apostle John.
Early in the Gospels, Jesus nicknamed John and his brother James the “Sons of Thunder” (Mark 3:17).
In Luke 9:54, when a Samaritan village rejected Jesus, James and John wanted to call down fire from heaven in judgment.
They were zealous, bold, and sometimes misguided.
Yet Jesus patiently continued teaching and shaping them.
Years later, when we read John’s letters, we encounter an apostle who repeatedly addresses believers as his dear children and urges them to love one another.
The man who once wanted to call down judgment upon a village now emphasizes the importance of loving fellow believers.
But notice something else.
John didn’t lose his boldness. He still confronted false teaching and warned believers against deception.
His zeal hadn’t disappeared. It had been shaped by truth and love.
The Holy Spirit isn’t making us all the same personality.
He’s making us more like the same Person—Jesus Christ.
God can work through introverts and extroverts, quiet people and bold people, leaders and helpers, people with very different backgrounds and experiences.
But regardless of our personalities, He calls every believer to develop the character of Christ.
Being naturally outspoken doesn’t excuse harshness. Being naturally reserved doesn’t excuse refusing to love or serve others.
Our personality isn’t a permission slip for disobedience.
We Must Keep in Step with the Spirit
There’s another important truth in Galatians 5.
Although transformation is the Spirit’s work, Christians aren’t called to remain passive.
“Since we are living by the Spirit, let us follow the Spirit’s leading in every part of our lives.”
Some translations describe this as keeping “in step with the Spirit.”
That means following His direction in the ordinary decisions of everyday life.
When the Spirit exposes bitterness, we don’t defend it. We confess it and pursue forgiveness.
When we’re tempted to respond in anger, we seek His help to respond with patience and self-control.
When Scripture confronts an area of disobedience, we don’t ignore it. We repent and obey.
This is not an attempt to earn salvation through good behavior. It’s the response of someone who belongs to Christ and has been given new life through His Spirit.
What Does Keeping in Step Look Like?
Recognize. Pay attention when God’s Word exposes sinful attitudes, actions, or desires.
Repent. Confess sin to God rather than making excuses for it.
Respond. Take practical steps of obedience, seeking the Spirit’s help.
Repeat. Continue walking with the Spirit day after day, trusting God to produce lasting change.
Let the Word of Christ Fill Your Life
In Ephesians 5:18, Paul commands believers to be filled with the Holy Spirit.
In Colossians 3:16, he tells believers to let the message about Christ, in all its richness, fill their lives.
These passages describe closely related realities.
The Spirit works through the truth of God’s Word to shape our thinking, expose our sin, strengthen our faith, and direct our obedience.
We shouldn’t expect to become more like Jesus while consistently neglecting the very Scriptures that reveal Him to us.
So as you open your Bible, begin with a simple prayer:
“Holy Spirit, help me understand the Word of God
so I can become more like the Son of God.”
God Isn’t Finished with You
Spiritual growth rarely happens as quickly as we’d like.
Some seasons bring noticeable progress. Other seasons remind us how much growing we still need to do.
But gradual growth doesn’t mean God has stopped working.
The apostle Paul reminded the Philippians that the God who began a good work within them would continue His work until it was finally finished (Philippians 1:6).
That’s a wonderful promise.
God doesn’t abandon His people halfway through the process.
We can confess our failures, celebrate genuine growth, and continue following Jesus with confidence in His grace.
Examine the Fruit in Your Life
This week, take time to read Galatians 5:22–23 slowly and prayerfully.
Consider each characteristic of the fruit of the Spirit, and ask yourself two important questions.
Question 1: Where Am I Growing?
Where can you recognize the Spirit making you more like Jesus?
Maybe you’re becoming more patient with your children, more forgiving toward someone who hurt you, or more self-controlled in an area where you once struggled.
When you recognize genuine growth, thank God for His work in your life.
Question 2: Where Am I Resisting?
Is there an area where you know God wants to change you, but you’ve been making excuses?
Perhaps you’ve justified your anger, held tightly to bitterness, or refused to surrender a habit that dishonors Christ.
Ask the Holy Spirit to expose what’s behind your resistance, and respond with honest confession and repentance.
Five Questions to Consider
1. What area of my life has changed since I began following Jesus?
2. Which characteristic of the fruit of the Spirit do I see growing most clearly in my life?
3. Which characteristic needs greater development?
4. Have I been using my personality, upbringing, or circumstances as an excuse for sinful behavior?
5. What specific act of obedience would help me keep in step with the Spirit this week?
Keep in Step with the Spirit
Read Galatians 5:22–23. Identify one area where God has already produced growth and one area where you need to surrender more fully to His work.
Thank Him for the growth. Confess the resistance. Then take one practical step of obedience.
“Father, thank You for giving me Your Spirit. Help me recognize where You’re making me more like Jesus. Show me where I’m resisting Your work, and give me a willing heart to repent and obey. Holy Spirit, guide my thoughts, words, attitudes, and actions so that my life increasingly reflects Christ. Amen.”
The Holy Spirit is making us more like Jesus.
Are we keeping in step with Him?
Watch or Listen to the Full Sermon
This article is based on Week 3 of our Ghost Stories sermon series at Cornerstone Baptist Church. Explore the full message for additional teaching and illustrations from Galatians 5:16–26.
Watch the Sermon
Watch the complete Week 3 message from Cornerstone Baptist Church.
Watch Now →Listen to the Sermon
Listen to the full message wherever your day takes you.
Listen / Download →What Does the Holy Spirit Want to Do Through Us?
The Holy Spirit doesn’t only transform our character. He also equips us with spiritual gifts to serve others and strengthen the church.
Explore the next message in our Ghost Stories series and discover why every believer has something meaningful to contribute.
Explore Week 4: Spiritual Gifts →Wherever you are in your walk with Jesus, remember that spiritual transformation is not something you accomplish through willpower alone.
It is the work of God’s Spirit within you.
And the same God who began that work is faithful to continue it.
Don’t make peace with sin.
Don’t give up on growing.
Keep walking with Jesus. Keep yielding to His Spirit. Keep allowing His Word to shape your life.
He’s still working on you.
This article is part of Ghost Stories: Discovering the Person and Work of the Holy Spirit, a five-week series exploring who the Holy Spirit is, His presence in believers, His transforming work within us, and how He equips and guides us to live for Jesus.
Share this:
- Share on X (Opens in new window) X
- Share on Facebook (Opens in new window) Facebook
- Print (Opens in new window) Print
- Email a link to a friend (Opens in new window) Email
- Share on LinkedIn (Opens in new window) LinkedIn
- Share on Reddit (Opens in new window) Reddit
- Share on Tumblr (Opens in new window) Tumblr
- Share on Pinterest (Opens in new window) Pinterest
Leave a Reply